Monday, September 28, 2020

RMAN OVERVIEW

 

                                                     RMAN

 

[oracle@ranesh ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Thu Sep 17 20:00:45 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: PRIME (DBID=2122042046)

 

RMAN> show all;         

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name STAND are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE RMAN OUTPUT TO KEEP FOR 7 DAYS; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default


 

To perforn a full database backup use:

 

RMAN> backup database;

Starting backup at 17-SEP-20

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/system01.dbf

input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20200917T200915_hp6x8mmp_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T200915 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:56

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20200917T200915_hp6xbddz_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T200915 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 17-SEP-20

 

To backup all archive logs use:

RMAN> BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL;

 

Starting backup at 17-SEP-20

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived log thread=1 sequence=77 RECID=1 STAMP=1044910854

input archived log thread=1 sequence=78 RECID=2 STAMP=1044911049

input archived log thread=1 sequence=79 RECID=3 STAMP=1044911087

input archived log thread=1 sequence=80 RECID=4 STAMP=1044911458

input archived log thread=1 sequence=81 RECID=5 STAMP=1044911462

input archived log thread=1 sequence=82 RECID=6 STAMP=1044911473

input archived log thread=1 sequence=83 RECID=9 STAMP=1044911706

input archived log thread=1 sequence=84 RECID=11 STAMP=1044913561

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20200917T201607_hp6xoho7_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T201607 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RECID=12 STAMP=1044913749

input archived log thread=1 sequence=2 RECID=13 STAMP=1044914249

input archived log thread=1 sequence=3 RECID=14 STAMP=1044914459

input archived log thread=1 sequence=4 RECID=15 STAMP=1044914492

input archived log thread=1 sequence=5 RECID=16 STAMP=1044914513

input archived log thread=1 sequence=6 RECID=17 STAMP=1044915866

input archived log thread=1 sequence=7 RECID=18 STAMP=1044915890

input archived log thread=1 sequence=8 RECID=19 STAMP=1044916659

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20200917T201607_hp6xok21_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T201607 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RECID=20 STAMP=1044917218

input archived log thread=1 sequence=2 RECID=23 STAMP=1044917219

input archived log thread=1 sequence=3 RECID=26 STAMP=1044917224

input archived log thread=1 sequence=4 RECID=28 STAMP=1044917226

input archived log thread=1 sequence=5 RECID=30 STAMP=1044917228

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20200917T201607_hp6xol7l_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T201607 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 17-SEP-20

 

To backup the database and all archive log files use:

RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;

 

To backup the current controlfile :

RMAN> BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE;

 

Starting backup at 17-SEP-20

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_ncnnf_TAG20200917T202643_hp6y9dkk_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T202643 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 17-SEP-20

 

SPFILE BACKUP

 

RMAN> BACKUP SPFILE;

Starting backup at 17-SEP-20

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_nnsnf_TAG20200917T202821_hp6ydf9r_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T202821 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 17-SEP-20

 

Datafile backups

 

RMAN> backup datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/system01.dbf';

 

Starting backup at 17-SEP-20

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20200917T202950_hp6yh6pv_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T202950 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20200917T202950_hp6yj19f_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T202950 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 17-SEP-20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Alternatively specify datafile no

 

RMAN> backup datafile 1;

 

The data file number can be obtained from V$DATAFILE

 

RMAN> SELECT file#, name FROM v$datafile;

     FILE#                                                                                   NAME                                                                           

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

         1                                                              /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/system01.dbf

 

         3                                                                 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/sysaux01.dbf

 

         4                                                                  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/undotbs01.dbf

 

         6                                                                /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/users01.dbf

 

 

 

 

......when the RMAN backup is running, if you want to see the proress, you can query the V$RMAN_STATUS

 

output

 

RMAN> SELECT OPERATION, STATUS, MBYTES_PROCESSED, START_TIME, END_TIME from V$RMAN_STATUS;

 

OPERATION                         STATUS                  MBYTES_PROCESSED

--------------------------------- ----------------------- ----------------

START_TIM END_TIME

--------- ---------

RMAN                              RUNNING                                0

17-SEP-20 17-SEP-20

 

DUPLICATE DB FROM ACTIVE USING B  FAILED                                 0

03-JUL-20 03-JUL-20

 

RMAN                              COMPLETED WITH ERRORS                  0

03-JUL-20 03-JUL-20

 

RMAN                              COMPLETED                              0

 

Incremental Backups

 

By default backups are full (level 0). Backups can also be incremental (level 1).

Incremental backups can be:

Differential - includes all changes since the last full or incremental backup

Cumulative - includes all changes since the last full backup

Differential backups require less space. Cumulative backups are faster to restore

 

RMAN> BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 DATABASE;

 

Starting backup at 17-SEP-20

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=39 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/system01.dbf

input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20200917T204810_hp6zkm6v_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T204810 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20200917T204810_hp6zmcvs_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T204810 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 17-SEP-20

 

RMAN> BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 CUMULATIVE DATABASE;

 

Starting backup at 17-SEP-20

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/system01.dbf

skipping datafile 00001 because it has not changed

input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/sysaux01.dbf

skipping datafile 00003 because it has not changed

input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/undotbs01.dbf

skipping datafile 00004 because it has not changed

input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/users01.dbf

skipping datafile 00006 because it has not changed

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup cancelled because all files were skipped

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20200917T204949_hp6znpyt_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T204949 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 17-SEP-20

 

Note that in order to take a level 1 backup, a level 0 backup must already exist.

A full backup using BACKUP DATABASE is not the same as a level 0 backup. - the LV column of the LIST BACKUP output is NULL after a full backup.

 

 level 0 backup

 

RMAN> BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 DATABASE;

 

Starting backup at 17-SEP-20

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/system01.dbf

input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/undotbs01.dbf

input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stand/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20200917T205106_hp6zq2vb_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T205106 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 17-SEP-20

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/STAND/backupset/2020_09_17/o1_mf_ncsn0_TAG20200917T205106_hp6zrv2p_.bkp tag=TAG20200917T205106 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 17-SEP-20

 

 

 

 

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